Cusco: Best Things to Do & Top Attractions
This city, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is located in the Andes Mountains. It features colonial architecture and serves as a gateway to nearby archaeological sites, including a famous ancient citadel.
- Population
- 0.43 millions
- Airport
- Alejandro Velasco Astete – Int'l
- Train Station
- Estación de Tren de Cusco.
- Est. Visit Days
- 4 days
Overview
Cusco, a city in Peru, is known as the historic capital of the Inca Empire. Pros include its rich cultural heritage, proximity to Machu Picchu, and lively local markets. However, cons are the high altitude which can affect some visitors, and it can be crowded with tourists. The city's infrastructure may not always meet modern standards. Overall, Cusco offers a unique experience but requires some preparation for visitors.
Traffic & Transport
The city features a mix of narrow streets and cobblestone pathways, making walking a popular and enjoyable way to explore. Public transportation options include local buses and microbuses, which are affordable but can be crowded. For a more comfortable experience, consider using bicycles or electric scooters available for rent in various locations throughout the city. Overall, walking remains the best way to immerse yourself in the local culture while navigating the historical sites. Reliable taxi companies include Taxi Directo and Cusco Taxi, both known for their safety and service quality. Additionally, booking apps like Uber operate in the area, providing convenient options for getting around with ease.
History
This city was the center of the Inca Empire, established in the 15th century. Following the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, it became a significant colonial city. The Spanish built churches and public buildings on top of Inca structures, blending cultures. It served as a key location for trade and commerce during colonial times. Today, its rich history reflects both indigenous and Spanish influences.
Itinerary Sample
Here is a sample 4-day itinerary for exploring Cusco, Peru.
– First day: Arrive in Cusco, acclimatize to the altitude, and explore the Plaza De Armas. Visit the Cathedral and enjoy local cuisine at a nearby restaurant.
– Second day: Take a guided tour of Sacsayhuamán, Qenqo, Puka Pukara, and Tambomachay. Return to Cusco for dinner.
– Third day: Day trip to the Sacred Valley; visit Pisac Market and Ollantaytambo ruins. Return to Cusco in the evening.
– Fourth day: Visit Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun) and San Pedro Market. Free time for shopping or additional sightseeing before departure.
Near Excursion
This city offers several fascinating day-trip options for visitors. Here are some recommendations:
– Sacred Valley at 40 km: Explore traditional Andean villages and ancient Incan ruins in a nice valley setting.
– Pisac at 33 km: Visit the attractive market and impressive Incan archaeological site with sweeping views.
– Chinchero at 30 km: Discover a charming town with colonial architecture and dynamic weaving traditions.
– Moray at 50 km: See unusual circular terraces used by the Incas for agricultural experiments.
– Maras Salt Mines at 40 km: View thousands of salt evaporation ponds terraced along a hillside, still in use today.
Attraction
This city is known for its rich history and proximity to ancient Incan sites.
– Machu Picchu: An iconic Incan citadel set high in the Andes Mountains, famed for its archaeological significance and gorgeous views.
– Sacsayhuamán: A massive fortress with impressive stone walls offering panoramic views of the surrounding area.
– Qorikancha: Once the richest temple of the Incas, now a mix of Incan and colonial architecture.
– Plaza De Armas: The central square surrounded by colonial buildings, ideal for people-watching and cultural events.
– San Pedro Market: A dynamic market where you can experience local food, crafts, and daily life.
– Sacred Valley: A region with charming landscapes, traditional villages, and numerous archaeological sites.
Activity
Cusco offers diverse activities including cultural experiences, adventure sports, and scenic explorations in the surrounding Andes mountains.
– Sacred Valley Tour: Explore ancient Inca ruins and traditional markets in this pleasant valley located near Cusco.
– Rainbow Mountain Hike: Trek to energetic colored mountain peaks for gorgeous views and unique landscapes.
– Local Culinary Classes: Learn to cook traditional Peruvian dishes using local ingredients in an interactive setting.
– Horseback Riding Adventures: Ride through beautiful Andean landscapes while experiencing local culture and traditions.
– Traditional Textile Workshops: Participate in weaving workshops with local artisans to learn about their craft and history.
Cuisine
The city offers a mix of traditional Andean cuisine and fusion dishes, reflecting its rich cultural heritage. Some of the city's most famous dishes include:
– Cuy: Traditional dish featuring roasted guinea pig, often served with potatoes and corn.
– Lomo Saltado: Stir-fried beef with onions, tomatoes, and soy sauce, served with fries and rice.
– Alpaca Steak: Tender alpaca meat seasoned and grilled, known for its lean texture.
– Chiri Uchu: Cold dish with mixed ingredients like guinea pig, chicken, seaweed, and cheese.
– Quinoa Soup: Nutritious soup made from quinoa grains, vegetables, and sometimes meat broth.
– Picarones: Sweet dessert made from squash doughnuts drizzled with syrup.
Shopping
A popular shopping experience includes visiting local markets where you can find handmade textiles, pottery, and jewelry. Alpaca wool products are a good gift choice, as they are warm and unique to the region. Look for colorful blankets, scarves, or sweaters. Additionally, artisan chocolate is also a great option for gifts. You can find various brands that offer high-quality chocolate made from local cacao. Remember to check for authenticity when buying souvenirs.
Arts & Culture
The city is known for its rich Incan heritage, which is reflected in its architecture and traditional textile arts. The Inti Raymi festival, held in June, celebrates the Inca sun god and features colorful processions and performances. Local artisans produce sophisticated handicrafts, including textiles and pottery, often showcased in markets. Additionally, various museums host exhibitions on pre-Columbian art and colonial history throughout the year.