Matera Travel Guide: Tourist Places & Activities
Known for its ancient cave dwellings, this city in Basilicata is a UNESCO World Heritage site, featuring the Sassi districts and numerous rupestrian churches, showcasing a blend of historical layers dating back to the Paleolithic period.
- Population
- 60,000
- Train Station
- Matera Centrale
- Est. Visit Days
- 2 days
Overview
Matera, a city in southern Italy, is renowned for its ancient cave dwellings known as the Sassi. This unique historical and cultural heritage has led to Matera being designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracting many visitors. The city offers a fascinating glimpse into prehistoric settlement and a rich history, which is a major draw for tourists. However, Matera's tourism infrastructure is still developing, which might affect the visitor experience in terms of amenities and services. Additionally, the region can be quite hot in the summer months, which could be a deterrent for some travelers.
Traffic & Transport
The city's compact size and pedestrian-friendly historic center make it ideal for exploring on foot, which is often the best way to experience the unique atmosphere and architecture. For longer distances or to reach the surrounding areas, buses are available and provide a cost-effective option. Renting a bicycle can also be a great way to navigate the city and its outskirts, offering flexibility and the opportunity to enjoy the scenic routes at your own pace. However, it's important to note that the historic center is mostly restricted to traffic, so using a car within this area is not recommended. For those preferring taxi services, there are several reliable taxi companies operating in the city. Additionally, the use of taxi-booking apps like [insert app names if available] provides a convenient way to hail a cab and navigate to specific destinations with ease.
History
Historically, the city was a key settlement of the region due to its strategic location and the natural defenses provided by the ravine. It has been continuously inhabited since the Paleolithic era, with evidence of cave dwellings that date back over 10,000 years. The city changed hands numerous times, being ruled by various civilizations, including the Romans, Byzantines, Longobards, and Normans, which influenced its architecture and culture. It was heavily bombed during World War II due to its industrial importance, leading to significant destruction. In the post-war period, efforts were made to restore the city, leading to its recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1993.
Itinerary Sample
Explore Matera's rich history and unique landscape with this 2-day itinerary:
– First day: Visit the Sassi di Matera, a UNESCO World Heritage site, then explore the Caveoso district and the Rupestrian Churches.
– Second day: Tour the MUSMA (Museum of Contemporary Sculpture), walk through the Barisano district, and end your day at the Palombaro Lungo.
Near Excursion
This city is a great starting point for several exciting day trips. Here are some suggestions:
– Alberobello at 70 km: Famous for its unique trulli houses, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
– Altamura at 20 km: Known for its medieval architecture and delicious traditional bread.
– Metaponto at 50 km: Offers ancient Greek ruins and beautiful sandy beaches.
– Gravina in Puglia at 30 km: Features a fascinating ravine and historic cave dwellings.
– Castel del Monte at 100 km: A 13th-century castle with a unique octagonal shape, also a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Attraction
Known for its ancient cave dwellings and historical significance, this city offers a unique glimpse into the past.
– Sassi di Matera: Explore ancient cave dwellings and rock churches, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
– Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario: Visit a traditional cave house to see how people lived in the past.
– Palombaro Lungo: Discover an underground water cistern that dates back to the 16th century.
– Matera Cathedral: Admire the remarkable architecture and panoramic views from this 13th-century cathedral.
– MUSMEnjoy contemporary art in a unique setting within ancient cave spaces.
– Church of Santa Maria de Idris: Visit this rock-hewn church for its frescoes and historical significance.
Activity
In Matera, travelers can explore ancient cave dwellings, unique architecture, and scenic landscapes.
– Sassi di Matera tour: Walk through historic cave dwellings and churches carved into the rock.
– Gravina River Canyon hike: Enjoy a scenic hike along the canyon near Matera.
– Murgia National Park visit: Explore rugged landscapes and ancient rock churches.
– Cooking class: Learn to make traditional Basilicata dishes with local ingredients.
– Cave church tours: Visit ancient churches carved into the rock in the surrounding area.
Cuisine
The city offers a rich culinary tradition rooted in rustic and hearty flavors, reflecting its agricultural heritage. Some of the city's most famous dishes include:
– Pane di Matera: Traditional bread with a thick crust and soft interior, made from local durum wheat.
– Orecchiette: Ear-shaped pasta often served with turnip tops or tomato sauce.
– Cialledda: A bread salad with tomatoes, onions, cucumbers, and olive oil.
– Peperoni Cruschi: Crunchy dried peppers, often used as a garnish or snack.
– Strazzate: Almond cookies flavored with cinnamon and lemon zest.
– Fave e Cicoria: A simple dish of pureed fava beans served with sautéed chicory.
Shopping
In the city, tourists can enjoy exploring numerous small boutiques and artisan shops that offer unique local crafts. A popular gift to purchase is the "sassi" ceramics, which are beautifully hand-painted and reflect the traditional architecture of the area. Leather goods and handcrafted jewelry are also excellent choices, showcasing the craftsmanship of local artisans. For a truly local flavor, consider buying peperoni cruschi (crispy dried peppers) or local wines, which make delightful gifts or souvenirs. The area is also known for its textiles, especially linen and lace, perfect for those who appreciate fine materials. These items not only serve as great gifts but also as a way to remember the unique cultural experience of your visit.
Arts & Culture
The city is renowned for its Sassi, ancient cave dwellings that host numerous cultural events and art exhibitions. It was designated a European Capital of Culture in 2019, which sparked a variety of cultural initiatives and artistic projects. The city also hosts the annual "Matera Balloon Festival," which features hot air balloons and cultural performances. Additionally, the "Festa della Bruna," a centuries-old religious festival, takes place every July, offering a mix of sacred and profane traditions, including a spectacular fireworks display.